Ibhaso likaNobel: Abaphumeleleyo ngoNyaka we-2018

Unyaka we-2018 wawungekho ngaphandle kwabafundi abaphumeleleyo ngeBhaso likaNobel. Ewonke amagama atyunjiweyo e-5: ikhemikhali, ifizikhi, amayeza, uncwadi kunye noqoqosho. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba Ibhaso likaNobel kuLuncwadi alifumananga iqhawe labo. Isigculelo kwiZiko lezeNzululwazi laseSweden lakhokelela ekuqhekekeni.

Ibhaso likaNobel: Abaphumeleleyo ngoNyaka we-2018

Ngokukhawuleza emva komsitho wokunikezelwa kwamabhaso, obambe nge-XDUMX ye-10, abathathi-nxaxheba be2017 bathi bafumana iXabiso loXolo. Iikomiti ezine ezizimeleyo ezifundayo kunye nokhula ngokwazo. Ikamva labaphumeleleyo ligqitywe yiKomiti kaNobel. Ngapha koko, phantse unyaka uphela phakathi kokunikezelwa komvuzo kunye nokuvulwa.

Imbasa yezoNyango. Izazinzulu, uJames Ellison kunye noTasuku Honjou, bakwazile ukukhohlisa ithumba lomhlaza. Okanye kunoko, ukwenza iyeza eliphucula ukukhuseleka komntu kwisifo. Abaphandi basilela ukunyanga umhlaza - kuphela ukumisa ukusasazeka kweeseli zomhlaza ixesha elide.

Ibhaso kwiPhysics. Iinzululwazi zibuyele kuphando lwetekhnoloji ye-laser. Ukutshintshile kwizifundo zasemkhosini, abaphandi babuyela ekuphuculeni ubomi kwiplanethi. UGerard Moore, uArthur Ashkin kunye noDonn Strickland baqala i-laser tweezers. Esi sixhobo sinceda ukuhambisa iimolekyuli, iiseli kunye nezinye izinto. Iinzululwazi zichithe iminyaka ye-16 zisenza i-tweezers.

Ibhaso kwiChemistry. Ingxaki yomhlaza kwihlabathi liphela iye yenza iingcali zemichiza, uGeorge Smith noGregory Winter, ukuba benze ii-antibodies ezinokumelana nomhlaza.

Enye inzululwazi esisidenge

Masingaze silibale ngeBhaso yeShnobel. KwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard, umsitho wamabhaso we-28th wezona zifundo zingenantsingiselo nesiyatha zenzeka.

UJames Cole, obemele iYunivesithi yaseBrighton English, uqondakalise ukuba zimbalwa kakhulu iikhalori emzimbeni womntu. Ngokumalunga neekhalori kumntu osemdala ongabonakaliyo, yi-125 kilocalories kuphela. Ewe sithetha nge-cannibalism (cannibalism). Yintoni ebangele ukugcabha kweemvakalelo ezakhayo phakathi koogxa.