Iyini i-GPON Internet?

I-GPON Internet iwubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa idatha optical obukuvumela ukuthi uxhume ababhalisile ku-inthanethi ngesivinini esikhulu nokwethembeka. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi iyini i-GPON Internet, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, yiziphi izinzuzo enazo nokuthi ungayixhuma kanjani.

Iyini i-GPON Internet?

I-GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) iyinethiwekhi ye-passive optical esebenzisa imicu yokubona ukuze idlulise idatha phakathi kwehhovisi elimaphakathi (OLT) nezinto zokubhalisa (ONT). I-GPON Internet ibhekisela ezingeni le-ITU-T G.984, elichaza imingcele nezici zenethiwekhi enjalo.

I-GPON ye-inthanethi inikeza isivinini sokudluliswa kwedatha ephezulu - kufika ku-2,5 Gbit/s ohlangothini olusuka ku-OLT luye ku-ONT futhi lufike ku-1,25 Gbit/s ngokuphambene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-GPON Internet isekela izinhlobo ezahlukene zethrafikhi, njenge-inthanethi, ucingo, ithelevishini, ukubhekwa kwevidiyo nokunye.

Isebenza kanjani i-GPON Internet?

I-GPON Internet isebenza ngesimiso sokuhlukaniswa kwesikhathi (TDM) kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-wavelength (WDM). I-TDM isho ukuthi idatha evela kwababhalisile abahlukene idluliselwa ngefayibha yokubona efanayo ngezikhathi ezihlukene, futhi i-WDM isho ukuthi idatha evela ezinhlotsheni ezihlukene zethrafikhi idluliswa ngamaza ahlukene.

I-GPON Internet iqukethe izici ezintathu ezibalulekile:

• I-OLT (Optical Line Terminal) iyisisetshenziswa esimaphakathi esixhuma kumnikezeli we-inthanethi futhi silawule ukudluliswa kwedatha phakathi kwama-optical fibers namadivayisi abhalisile.
• I-ONT (Optical Network Terminal) iyisisetshenziswa esibhalisile esixhuma ku-fiber optical futhi siguqule amasignali optical sibe amasignali kagesi, futhi sihlinzeka ngezixhumi zokuxhuma amadivaysi ahlukahlukene njengekhompyutha, ucingo, i-TV nezinye.
• I-ODN (Optical Distribution Network) iyinethiwekhi ye-fiber optical exhuma i-OLT ne-ONT. I-ODN ingase ihlanganise izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ze-passive optical njengezihlukanisi, izixhumi, ama-adaptha, nezinye.

Ngokuhlelekile, i-GPON Internet ingamelwa kanje:

Izinzuzo ze-GPON

Ukuxhuma kwi-inthanethi nge-GPON kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa kunobunye ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-ADSL, i-VDSL, i-Ethernet noma i-DOCSIS. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Ijubane eliphezulu. I-GPON ikuvumela ukuthi uthole isivinini se-inthanethi esingafika ku-2,5 Gbit/s, ephakeme ngokuphindaphindiwe kunejubane lobunye ubuchwepheshe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungakwazi ukubuka amavidiyo anencazelo ephezulu, udlale imidlalo ye-inthanethi, ulande amafayela amakhulu futhi usebenzise ezinye izinsiza ze-inthanethi ngaphandle kokunensa noma ukuphazamiseka.
• Ukwethembeka. I-GPON isebenzisa intambo yokubona engekho ngaphansi kokuphazanyiswa yi-electromagnetic, ukugqwala, ukushisa ngokweqile noma ukulimala komshini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inethiwekhi ye-passive optical ayinazo izici ezisebenzayo ezingahluleka noma ezidinga ukushintshwa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kanye nekhwalithi yokuxhumana kunoma yiziphi izimo.
• Ezomnotho. I-GPON ikuvumela ukuthi unciphise izindleko zokuxhuma nokugcina inethiwekhi, njengoba ingadingi imishini eyengeziwe, ugesi noma abasebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-GPON ikuvumela ukuthi uthole izinsiza zokuxhumana eziningana ngekhebula elilodwa, okunciphisa inani lezintambo namasokhethi efulethini.
• Ukuguquguquka. I-GPON isekela izivumelwano ezihlukahlukene namazinga okudlulisa idatha, njenge-IP, i-ATM, i-Ethernet, i-TDM nezinye. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uxhume noma yiziphi izisetshenziswa kunethiwekhi futhi usebenzise noma yiziphi izinsiza zokuxhumana, njenge-inthanethi, ithelevishini, ucingo, ukubhekwa kwevidiyo, i-intercom nezinye.

Ukungalungi kwe-GPON

• Umkhawulokudonsa olinganiselwe. Nakuba i-GPON inikeza isivinini se-inthanethi esiphezulu, akuqinisekisiwe, kodwa kuya ngenani lababhalisile abaxhunywe kusihlukanisi esisodwa sokukhanya. Uma kukhona ababhalisile abaningi, umkhawulokudonsa wenethiwekhi uzohlukaniswa phakathi kwabo futhi isivinini se-inthanethi singancipha. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha umhlinzeki olawula inani lababhalisile ngomhlukanisi ngamunye futhi anikeze umkhawulokudonsa owanele kubhalisile ngamunye.
• Ukuphepha okuphansi. I-GPON isebenzisa intambo yokubona eyodwa ukuze idlulise idatha esuka kumhlinzeki iye kwababhalisile abaxhunywe kusihlukanisi esifanayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bonke ababhalisile bathola isignali efanayo, engabanjwa noma ilungiswe abahlaseli. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha umhlinzeki osebenzisa ukubethela okuhlukahlukene nezindlela zokuqinisekisa ukuvikela idatha yakho ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe.
• Intengo ephezulu. I-GPON idinga ukufakwa kwemishini ekhethekile, ebiza kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza kukho kokubili i-OLT etholakala kumnikezeli kanye ne-ONT ehlala efulethini lobhalisile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zekhebula le-optical nazo ziphakeme kunezindleko zekhebula lethusi. Ngakho-ke, amanani entengo yokuxhuma ku-GPON angase abe phezulu kunezokuxhuma kobunye ubuchwepheshe.

Ungaxhuma kanjani i-GPON Internet?

Ukuze uxhume i-inthanethi ye-GPON, udinga ukugcwalisa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Xhumana nomnikezeli we-inthanethi ohlinzeka ngesevisi ye-Inthanethi ye-GPON endaweni yangakini bese usayina isivumelwano sokuxhuma. (Isibonelo Briz)
• Khetha uhlelo oluhambisana nezidingo zakho kanye nesabelomali. Ngokuvamile, amanani entengo ancike esivinini, umthamo kanye nohlobo lwethrafikhi, kanye nokutholakala kwezinsizakalo ezengeziwe ezifana nefoni, ithelevishini nezinye.
• Thola idivayisi yokubhalisa ye-ONT evela kumhlinzeki wakho we-inthanethi, okumele ixhunywe ku-fiber optical umhlinzeki azoyidlulisela ekhaya noma efulethini lakho. I-ONT ingaba ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle, kuye ngohlobo lwefiber optical nendawo yokufaka.
• Xhuma kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene we-ONT ofuna ukuwasebenzisa ukuze ungene ku-inthanethi, njengekhompyutha, ifoni, i-TV nokunye. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga izintambo ze-Ethernet, izintambo zocingo, izintambo eziqinile, noma ukuxhumana okungenantambo.
• Lungiselela izilungiselelo

 

 

isiphetho

I-GPON ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokuxhuma ku-inthanethi obuhlinzeka ngesivinini esikhulu, ukwethembeka, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuxhumana kwendawo yonke. Ikuvumela ukuthi uthole i-inthanethi, ithelevishini kanye nocingo ngentambo eyodwa yokubona, ebekwe ngqo efulethini lobhalisile. Ukuze uxhume ku-GPON, udinga ukukhetha umhlinzeki ofanelekayo, oda uxhumano, ulinde ukufakwa kwe-ONT bese uxhuma amadivaysi akho. Kodwa-ke, i-GPON nayo inobubi obuthile njengomkhawulokudonsa olinganiselwe, ukuphepha okuphansi kanye nezindleko eziphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ungacabangela ezinye izindlela ezifana ne-Ethernet, i-DOCSIS noma i-Wi-Fi, ehlinzeka nge-inthanethi esheshayo nesezingeni eliphezulu.